Included Examples ----------------- List of example projects ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ In most cases the associated literature for an example project is cited within the projects; see TAB "Procedure" after loading a project. See also Help topic "Used literature". All example project files can be considered as being evaluated, because they originate from associated publications, or they were confirmed by colleagues through independent intercomparison calculations. .. note:: In 2023 and in 2024, all projects were checked with respect to the correct use of physical units. Only very few errors were found and corrected. All example project files indicated by the :math:`\surd` symbol in the left column can be considered as being evaluated, because they originate from associated publications, or they were confirmed by colleagues through independent intercomparison calculations. Examples with 1 output quantity ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ **without linear unfolding** +----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | ISO-Example-1a_EN.txp | Alpha activity concentration in liquid | | | material: measurement with an Alpha | | :math:`\surd` | detector; corresponds to example 1a, | | | section D.2.1, ISO 11929:2010 | +----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | ISO-Example-1b_EN.txp | Alpha activity concentration in liquid | | | material: measurement with a rate | | :math:`\surd` | meter; corresponds to Example 1b, | | | Section D.2.2, ISO 11929:2010 | +----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | ISO-Example-2a_EN.txp | Sr-90 in soil, several determinations; | | | corresponds to Example 2, Section | | | D.3.1, ISO 11929:2010; DL 5 % too small | +----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | ISO-Example-2a_V2_EN.txp | simplified version of | | :math:`\surd` | ISO-Example-2a_EN.txp | +----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | ISO-Example-2b_EN.txp | Sr-90 in soil, several determinations; | | | corresponds to Example 2, Section | | :math:`\surd` | D.3.2, ISO 11929:2010; | +----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | ISO-Example-2b_V2_EN.txp | simplified version of | | :math:`\surd` | ISO-Example-2b_EN.txp | +----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | ISO-Example-3a_EN.txp | I-131 accumulation on air filter; | | | corresponds to Example 3(a) section | | :math:`\surd` | D.4, ISO 11929:2010 | +----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | ISO-Example-3b_EN.txp | I-131 accumulation on air filter; | | | corresponds to Example 3(b) section | | :math:`\surd` | D.4, ISO 11929:2010 | +----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | ISO-Example-4_EN.txp | Activity concentration with peak | | | evaluation (Ge-Detector); | | :math:`\surd` | corresponds to Example 4, Section | | | D.5.1, ISO 11929:2010 | +----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | ISO-Example-5_EN.txp | Peak net counting rate | | | (NaI(Tl)-Detector); | | :math:`\surd` | corresponds to Example 5 Section D.5.2, | | | ISO 11929:2010 | +----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ +----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | Michel-2000-b_EN.txp | I-129 determination in soil by AMS (one | | :math:`\surd` | value changed) | +----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | Sterlinski-2008-NAA_EN.txp | Cs determination in tobacco by neutron | | | activation analysis (**en**) (new | | :math:`\surd` | example) | +----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | ISO-Neutron-Dose_EN.txp | Measuring neutron dose in a mixed | | | radiation field; replaces | | :math:`\surd` | AKS-Neutron-Dose_EN.txp | +----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | ISO-Photon-Dose_EN.txp | Measuring neutron dose in a mixed | | | radiation field; replaces | | :math:`\surd` | AKS-Photon-Dose_EN.txp | +----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ +---------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ || Moreno-Sr90_IAEA-135_V4_EN.txp || Sr-90 determination by LSC in a | || || IAEA-135 sample | || :math:`\surd` || | +---------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ || Alpha-IAEA-1401-Kanisch_V2_EN.txp || Alpha-spectrometry of Pu-238 in fish | || || | || :math:`\surd` || | +---------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ || vTI-Alpha-Americium_EN.txp || Alpha-spectrometry of Americium-241 in | || || fish; rather complex due to two | || :math:`\surd` || interferences: a) in-growing Am-241 | || || from a Pu-241 impurity of the Pu‑242 | || || tracer and b) Am-241 as impurity of the | || || **solution confirmed the results** | || | | +---------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ || Gamma spectrometric determination of || Ra-226 (186 keV line) with subtraction | || || of a U-235 contribution (interference); | || :math:`\surd` || **a corresponding Excel solution** | || || **confirmed the results** | +---------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ +----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ || DWD_AB-Gesamt-Aeros-Alpha1_EN.txp || Monitoring artificial-alpha activity | || || concentration in air, version 1 | +----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ || DWD_AB-Gesamt-Aeros-Alpha3_EN.txp || Monitoring artificial-alpha activity | || Gesamt-Aeros-Alpha3_EN.txp || concentration in air, version 3 | +----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ || DWD_AB-Gesamt-Aeros-Beta1_EN.txp || Monitoring artificial-beta activity | || || concentration in air, version 1 | +----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ || DWD_AB-Gesamt-Aeros-Beta3_EN.txp || Monitoring artificial-beta activity | || || concentration in air, version 3 | +----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ || Gamma-Dist_EN.txp || Application of the (N+1) rule for the | || || case of very low count numbers of gross | || || and background counting rates | +----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ || Lira-GammaDist_EN.txp || Application of the (N+1) rule for the | || || case of very low count numbers of gross | || || and background counting rates; | || || **example from Lira & Grientschnig,** | || || **2010** | +----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ || Fe-55-with-LSC-and-standard-addition_EN.TXP || LSC measurement of Fe-55 using the | || || method of standard addition | || || | || :math:`\surd` || The gross count rate symbol is | || || occurring twice in the calculation | || || equation, in the nominator and in the | || || denominator of that expression. See the | || || description given in the project file. | || || | || || (**Independently confirmed by D.** | || || **Schrammel (KIT) and Prof. Michel** ) | +----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ || NLWKN_Fe-55_with_KALFIT_EN.txp || Fe-55 beta measurement evaluation | || || including a full calibration curve for | || || the counting efficiency | +----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ || Example_8_with_KALFIT_EN.txp || Example 8 of the new (German) | || || Supplement 1 to DIN ISO 11929 (2014). | || :math:`\surd` || | +----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ || Mean-theta_EN.txp || Sr-90-Measurement with several | || || individual measurements of a reference | || || sample and input of its data set to the | || || project, which allows deriving a | || || parameter theta, by which mean und | || || uncertainty can be calculated. | +----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ || TemperaturCurve_KALFIT_V2_EN.txp || Interpolation of a linear temperature | || || calibration curve, **example from JCGM** | || :math:`\surd` || **100:2008**: b(t) = y1 +y2*(t - t0) | +----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ || BSH_total-Gamma_var1_DE.txp || total Gamma measurement in seawater, | || || version 1 | +----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ || BSH_total-Gamma_var2_DE.txp || total Gamma measurement in seawater, | || || version 2 | +----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ || Ac228_binomial_V2_EN.txp || Measuring a short-lived radionuclide | || || with long counting: binomial | || || distributed sample contribution to the | || || gross counts | +----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ || Ra226_U235-at-186keV_EN_long.txp || Same as the one show above, but with | || || longer symbol names | || :math:`\surd` || | +----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ || sumEval_sum_V3_EN.txp || Combining 4 measurements by summation | || || for determining one output quantity | +----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ || sumEval_mean_V3_EN.txp || Combining 4 measurements by averaging | || || for determining one output quantity | +----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ || PresetCounts_EN.txp || Simple single channel measurement for | || || demonstrating the case of measurement | || || with pre-set counts (number of counts n | || || are fixed; counting duration t is | || || variable) | +----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ || A set of projects || Projects prepared for the examples | || i || considered in the **standard ISO** | || so11929-4_Example-6_EN.txp || **11929-4:2022** | || through || | || is || | || o11929-4_Example-17_EN.txp || | || :math:`\surd` || | +----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+ **with linear unfolding** +---------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+ || vTI-Y90-16330_Blw_V2_EN.txp || | || contribution (fish sample) || | +---------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+ || vTI-Y90-16671_Blw_V2_EN.txp || Y-90 decay curve, including blank | || || contribution (fish sample) | +---------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+ || vTI-Y90-16748_Blw_V2_EN.txp || Y-90 decay curve, including blank | || || contribution (fish sample) | +---------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+ || Several-peaks- || Activity, determined by weighted mean | || nuclide-activity-V3_EN.txp || from several γ-peaks of a radionuclide | +---------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+ || La140_REMSPEC-4Lines-V3_DE.txp || Activity, determined by weighted mean | || || from 4 γ-lines of the radionuclide | || || La-140 | +---------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+ || Ratel_Annex1_Beispiel_EN.txp || Measurement of the decay curve of | || || Fluor-18 (half-live of 1.829 h); | || || **example from Ratel et al., Metrologia, 2015** | || || | +---------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+ Example with more than 1 output quantity ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ **without linear unfolding** +-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ || Janszen-Sr-89-Sr-90_V4_EN.txp || Sr-89/Sr-90 determination in | || || soil/sediment **IAEA-1401** | || :math:`\surd` || | +-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ || J-ALUFT-Sr-89-Sr-90_V2_EN.txp || Sr-89/Sr-90 determination in exhaust | || || air | || :math:`\surd` || | +-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ || Galpha_beta_Rusconi_2006_V2_EN.txp || Total alpha- and total-beta | || || determination in water by LSC | || || measurements in two windows, with | || :math:`\surd` || alpha/beta discrimination | +-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ || dwd_sr89_sr || Determination of Beta emitters Sr-89 | || 90_TDCR_procedureV2_EN.txp || und Sr-90 by a TDCR-procedure, as | || || realised with a HIDEX LSC Counter | +-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ **with linear unfolding** +----------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ || Sr89-Sr90_Schrammel_EN.txp || Sr-89/Sr-90 determination by LSC, with | || :math:`\surd` || 1 energy window; simple | +----------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ || DWD-LSC-3Kanal-V2_EN.txp || Sr-89/Sr-90 determination by LSC, with | || :math:`\surd` || 3 energy windows; complex | +----------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ || DWD-LSC-3Kanal-V2-fd_EN.txp || Sr-89/Sr-90 determination by LSC, with | || || 3 energy windows; complex; with using | || :math:`\surd` || the (decay) function fd() | +----------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ || J-ALUFT_Sr-89_Sr-90_Linf_EN.txp || Sr-89/Sr-90 determination in exhaust | || || air (compare with | || :math:`\surd` || J-ALUFT-Sr-89-Sr-90_V2_EN.txp) | +----------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ || LUBW_Sr-89_Sr-90_with-Sr-85-fixed_V2_EN.txp || Sr-89/Sr-90 determination with Sr-85 | || || tracer added, where the tracer count | || || rate contribution is NOT subject to | || || fitting | +----------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ || Sr89-Sr90_IAEA_AQ-27_2013_V2_EN.txp || Sr-89/Sr-90 determination by LSC; | || || energy window and counting efficiencies | || || vary between 1st and 2nd measurement | +----------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ || Sr89_Sr90_LSC-without-Sr85_EN.txp || Sr-89/Sr-90 determination by LSC, with | || || 3 energy windows; without Sr-85-tracer; | || || with covariances between window | || || efficiencies | +----------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ || Tritium_4Bubbler_used_1-3_DE.txp || Measurement of HT and HTO in air with | || || applying a 4-fold-Bubbler (according to | || || J.-M. Duda, JER 189 (2018) 235-249), | || || application of linear unfolding; | || || bubblers 1,2 and 3 were evaluated | +----------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ || Tritium_4Bubbler_used_2-3_DE.txp || Measurement of HT and HTO in air with | || || applying a 4-fold-Bubbler (according to | || || J.-M. Duda, JER 189 (2018) 235-249), | || || application of linear unfolding; | || || bubblers 2 and 3 were evaluated | +----------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ || Pb210_Bi210_Po210_series_backwards_EN.txp || Examples of using the UR function | || || SDECAY for a 3-member radioactive | || || decay chain | +----------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ Other examples from the literature, evaluated, without detection limits ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ +-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ || Neutron-Dose-Cox-2006_V2_EN.txp || Determination of neutron dose | || || equivalent | || :math:`\surd` || | +-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ || Calibration-of-weight-Cox-2001_V2_EN.txp || calibration of a weight | || || | || :math:`\surd` || | +-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ || Kessel-1-2006_EN.txp || calibration of a mass of nominally 10 | || :math:`\surd` || kg | +-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ || Kessel-2a-2006_EN.txp || Pb mol mass determination, with several | || :math:`\surd` || correlations | +-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ || Kessel-2b-2006_EN.txp || alternative Pb mol mass determination, | || :math:`\surd` || with several correlations | +-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ || Wuebbeler-Ex1_EN.txp || MC example for non-gaussian | || :math:`\surd` || distribution | +-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ || Wuebbeler-Ex2_EN.txp || MC example for non-gaussian | || :math:`\surd` || distribution | +-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ || Pear || Application of weighted total LS (WTLS) | || sonYork_with_KALFIT_EN.txp || to the data Pearson & York data set | || :math:`\surd` || | +-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ Example for a "negative" linear Model ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ +----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | Rn-222-Emanation_EN.txp | Detection limit calculation for a | | | Rn-222 emanation coefficient | +----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ Revision of physical units in the examples ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ With version 2.4.13 of UncertRadio an option was introduced for deriving the physical units of dependent quantities by calculations; see chapters 2.27, 2.26 and :numref:`treatment of physical units`. In the context of applying this option, the units used in the example projects of section :numref:`list of example projects` were tested for correctness. Several modifications were found to be necessary. They mean, that not all units introduced earlier by the author of this program were correct or functional. In some cases notes about the modifications were documented within the project file, TAB "Procedure". In most of the cases, it was necessary to change the existing unit "1" (or " ") for detection probability variables (often called eps…) to "1/Bq/s". This helps the output variable to receive the unit part "Bq" instead of "1/s". These latter changes were only seldom documented within the project files. In the example J-ALUFT-Sr-89-Sr-90_V2_EN.txp, two parameters, a and b, used for calculating eps2, got the new units "1/Bq/s/mg" and "1/Bq/s", respectively. In another case, Ra226_U235-at-186keV_EN.txp, the equation RRa = RS – RU5 resulted in a difference of the units "1/s" and "Bq"; in this case, in the program the first one was then applied as the unit name for RRa. In the case of Ac228_binomial_V2_EN.txp, the detection probability epsD is used two times, as part of the parameter p, which should be dimensionless as a parameter of the binomial distribution, and as a part of the calibration factor. This dilemma was solved such that the epsD which is used within the expression for p, receives the unit "1" (or " "), while a second variable epsD_U was introduced, which as part of the calibration factor got the unit "1/Bq/h", but the measurement value was set equal to one (without uncertainty). In such examples explicitly containing scaling factors of 60 for the unit "min" or 1/1000 for the unit "g", two special switching variables (or Trigger variables) were attributed to these factors; see section :ref:`using switching variables in equations`. For a group of projects their version number (\_Vx\_) in the file name was increased: - :file:`Ac228_binomial_V2_EN.txp` - :file:`DWD_sr89_sr90_TDCR_procedure_V2_EN.txp` - :file:`Galpha_beta_Rusconi_2006_V2_EN.txp` - :file:`J-ALUFT-Sr89-Sr-90_V2_EN.txp` - :file:`Janszen-Sr-89-Sr-90_V3_EN.txp` - :file:`Moreno-Sr90_IAEA-135_V2_EN.txp` - :file:`sumEval_sum_V2_EN.txp` - :file:`sumEval_mean_V2_EN.txp` - :file:`vTI-Y90-16330_Blw_V2_EN.txp` - :file:`vTI-Y90-16671_Blw_V2_EN.txp` - :file:`vTI-Y90-16748_Blw_V2_EN.txp` A consequence of calculating units of dependent variables (withing the menu item "test physical units") is the transformation to basic units. In some cases, the associated scaling factors change the output quantity value powers of 10: :file:`Galpha_beta_Rusconi_2006_V2_EN.txp`: factor 1000 (1/g 1/kg) (permanently changed) :file:`Sterlinski-2008-NAA_EN.txp`: factor 1.0E-9 (due to a unit "ng/g") :file:`sumEval_summe_V2_DE.txp`: factor 1.0E+4 (1/cm2 1/m2) :file:`sumEval_mitteln_V2_DE.txp`: factor 1.0E+4 (1/cm2 1/m2) The last three changes do not apply if the test of physical units is not used, i.e., if the program is used in the normal mode! A new version was prepared for the file with reference values of the example projects: :file:`BatListRef_v06.txt`